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The Prophet Mohammad (pbuh)
Biography / The Life of Prophet Muhammad (p.b.u.h)
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<blockquote data-quote="genc_kalem" data-source="post: 180577" data-attributes="member: 15919"><p><strong>The Battle of Badr</strong></p><p></p><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: red"><strong>The Battle of Badr</strong></span></span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="font-size: 15px">The Battle of Badr, along with the Battle of Uhud and the Battle of the Trench, was one of the most famous battles that Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) fought against the Quraishi idolaters. Badr was a small town 160 km southwest of Medina and 30 km from the Red Sea; it lay at the point where the Medina-Mecca road connected with the Syrian caravan road. </span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="font-size: 15px">The Prophet and the Muslims of Mecca had been subjected to the hostilities and torture of the Quraishis for ten years and they eventually fled, taking with them only some of their belongings. With the addition of what the Muslims had left behind the Quraishis were able to form trade caravans to the south and north of the Arabian Peninsula. The Prophet was informed that a large Quraishi caravan, led by Abu Sufyan, was on its way back from Syria. It is stated that this caravan was composed of 1,000 camels and had goods of a value of 50,000 dinars. The Prophet planned to attack the Quraishi caravan in Badr and he set out from Medina on 12 of Ramadan 2 (March 9, 624). It should be noted that this was a battle carried out in self defense; the Muslims were not the raiding party. The Propehet assigned Abdullah ibn Ummu Maktum to be lead in his absence. The Islamic army was composed of 305 people (75 <em>muhajirs </em>and 230 Companions). Mus'ab ibn Umayr, Ali and Sa'd ibn Muaz were assigned as flagmen. There were seventy camels and two horses in the army. The Muslims continued to fast for one or two days, and they broke their fasting on the order of the Prophet. </span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="font-size: 15px">Meanwhile, Abu Sufyan was informed about the preparations of Prophet Muhammad when he entered the Hejaz region and he sent a courier to Mecca with an urgent request for reinforcements. He followed a path away from Badr in order to avoid any ambush. Thereupon, the Quraishis, ably supported and accompanied by all the notable chiefs of Mecca, hastily formed an army. They then set out with 1,000 men, led by Abu Jahil, to Badr, even though they learned that the caravan had not been attacked. There were 700 camels and 100 horses in the army of the idolaters. </span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'">In fact, the Prophet and his companions were not aware that the Quraishi army had set out from Mecca and were near Badr. The Holy Quran states: </span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><em><strong>"And when Allah promised you one of the two bands of the enemy that it should be yours, and you longed that other than the armed one might be yours. And Allah willed that He should cause the Truth to triumph by His words, and cut the root of the disbelievers. When you were on the near bank of the valley and they were on the yonder bank, and the caravan was below you on the coast plain. And had you trusted to meet one another you surely would have failed to keep the trust, but it happened, as it did, without the forethought of either of you that Allah might conclude a thing that must be done; that he who perished on that day might perish by a clear proof of His Sovereignty and he who survived might survive by a clear proof of His Sovereignty. Lo! Allah in truth is Hearer, Knower"</strong></em> (Al-Anfal, 8/7, 42). </span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="font-size: 15px">On the 17th of Ramadan 2 (March 13, 624), both of the armies set out for Badr in the early hours. The Prophet reached the water wells in Badr before the Quraishis. Upon the advice of Habbab ibn Arat, he left the well closest to where the enemy would arrive open while filling the other wells with sand. Prophet Muhammad allowed the idolaters to take water from the open well. Before the battle, Prophet Muhammad had sent Umar to the Quraishis and proposed that they return to Mecca without engaging in battle; however the Quraishis insisted on the battle. In accordance with ancient Arabic traditions, two men from both sides came out to the battleground to begin the war. During this challenge, which is known as the <em>Mubaraza</em>, Hamza killed his opponent, Asvad ibn Abdulasad al-Mahzumi. Upon this, Utba ibn Rabia, his brother Shayba and his son Walid from the Quraishis and Ubayda ibn Harith, Hamza and Ali from the Muslim army approached the battleground. After Hamza and Ali had killed their opponents, they went to help Ubayda who had been severely wounded and then killed Utba. Because he suffered from severe wounds, Ubayda ibn Hariht died, becoming a martyr, on the return from Badr. During the war which began after the <em>Mubaraza</em>, the Muslims were victorious on the afternoon of the same day. Seventy people were taken prisoner and seventy people from the idolaters were killed. Among the prisoners was Abu Jahil, the greatest enemy of Islam. The number of Muslims martyrs was fourteen. </span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="font-size: 15px">Prophet Muhammad performed the funeral prayer of the martyrs and ordered that they be buried. He also ordered that the Quraishi casualties be buried. He commanded that the prisoners be treated well and only sentenced two of these prisoners, Ukba ibn Abu Muayt and Nadr ibn Harith, to death in return for the torture they had subjected Muslims to in the past. After this, Prophet Muhammad consulted with the Companions as to how the other prisoners were to be treated. He accepted the proposal of Abu Bakr and released the prisoners in return for a ransom, ranging from 1,000 to 1,400 dirham, according to their financial standing. Some of the prisoners who could not afford the ransom were released unconditionally while others were released on the condition that they taught ten Muslims how to read and write. The booty gained from the war was gathered together and equally distributed among those who had been involved in the battle. The Prophet returned to Medina at the end of the month Ramadan or at the beginning of the month of Shawwal. </span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="font-size: 15px">Abu'l-As ibn Rabi, the son-in-law of the Prophet was among the prisoners detained in Badr. Abu'l-As was married to Zaynab, the oldest daughter of the Prophet. He had not accepted Islam although his wife was a Muslim and yet he refused to divorce Zaynab. When he joined the idolaters and became a prisoner, the people of Mecca sent the ransom money for the prisoners and his wife Zaynab sent a certain amount of money along with the necklace given to her by her mother Khadijah as a wedding present. </span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="font-size: 15px">The Prophet recognized the necklace and became very emotional; remembering Khadijah and her services to Islam, he asked for permission from his Companions to release Abu'l-As and to return the necklace back to Zaynab. After Abu'l-As was released, he returned to Mecca and in accordance with a promise he had made to Prophet Muhammad he sent his wife Zaynab to Medina. Abu'l As later became a Muslim and performed the emigration to Medina, and was reunited with his wife (Muharram 7/ May 628). </span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="font-size: 15px">In the Holy Quran it is stated that the victory of Badr was achieved with the help of Allah and that during the battle the Islamic army was supported by angels (Al-Anfal 8/8-12; Al‑ Imran 3/123-127). As a result of the Battle of Badr the Islamic society earned great respect in the Arabian Peninsula and the Prophet acquired extensive opportunities to convey the message of Islam. The people of Mecca, who had lost the battle of Badr, chose Abu Sufyan as successor to Abu Jahil and they swore an oath to seek revenge from the Muslims; from this date they endeavored to find ways to achieve their goal. Abu Lahab was not involved in the battle of Badr due to illness and sent As ibn Hisham as a replacement. After hearing about the defeat in Badr, Abu Lahab's condition deteriorated and he soon died. About two and a half month after the defeat of Badr Abu Sufyan came to Medina and attacked the outer environs of the city with a force of two hundred men. After killing two Muslims, he set the fields on fire and left the city. Although Prophet Muhammad followed him with two hundred men, Abu Sufyan and his soldiers evaded them by discarding their flour bags (<em>sawik</em>) so that they could move more rapidly. As a result, this pursuit came to be known as the Sawik Battle. </span></span></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="genc_kalem, post: 180577, member: 15919"] [b]The Battle of Badr[/b] [FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5][COLOR=red][B]The Battle of Badr[/B][/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=4][/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=4]The Battle of Badr, along with the Battle of Uhud and the Battle of the Trench, was one of the most famous battles that Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) fought against the Quraishi idolaters. Badr was a small town 160 km southwest of Medina and 30 km from the Red Sea; it lay at the point where the Medina-Mecca road connected with the Syrian caravan road. [/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=4][/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=4]The Prophet and the Muslims of Mecca had been subjected to the hostilities and torture of the Quraishis for ten years and they eventually fled, taking with them only some of their belongings. With the addition of what the Muslims had left behind the Quraishis were able to form trade caravans to the south and north of the Arabian Peninsula. The Prophet was informed that a large Quraishi caravan, led by Abu Sufyan, was on its way back from Syria. It is stated that this caravan was composed of 1,000 camels and had goods of a value of 50,000 dinars. The Prophet planned to attack the Quraishi caravan in Badr and he set out from Medina on 12 of Ramadan 2 (March 9, 624). It should be noted that this was a battle carried out in self defense; the Muslims were not the raiding party. The Propehet assigned Abdullah ibn Ummu Maktum to be lead in his absence. The Islamic army was composed of 305 people (75 [I]muhajirs [/I]and 230 Companions). Mus'ab ibn Umayr, Ali and Sa'd ibn Muaz were assigned as flagmen. There were seventy camels and two horses in the army. The Muslims continued to fast for one or two days, and they broke their fasting on the order of the Prophet. [/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=4][/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=4]Meanwhile, Abu Sufyan was informed about the preparations of Prophet Muhammad when he entered the Hejaz region and he sent a courier to Mecca with an urgent request for reinforcements. He followed a path away from Badr in order to avoid any ambush. Thereupon, the Quraishis, ably supported and accompanied by all the notable chiefs of Mecca, hastily formed an army. They then set out with 1,000 men, led by Abu Jahil, to Badr, even though they learned that the caravan had not been attacked. There were 700 camels and 100 horses in the army of the idolaters. [/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=4][/SIZE][/FONT] [SIZE=4][FONT=Times New Roman]In fact, the Prophet and his companions were not aware that the Quraishi army had set out from Mecca and were near Badr. The Holy Quran states: [/FONT][/SIZE] [I][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=4][/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/I] [SIZE=4][FONT=Times New Roman][I][B]"And when Allah promised you one of the two bands of the enemy that it should be yours, and you longed that other than the armed one might be yours. And Allah willed that He should cause the Truth to triumph by His words, and cut the root of the disbelievers. When you were on the near bank of the valley and they were on the yonder bank, and the caravan was below you on the coast plain. And had you trusted to meet one another you surely would have failed to keep the trust, but it happened, as it did, without the forethought of either of you that Allah might conclude a thing that must be done; that he who perished on that day might perish by a clear proof of His Sovereignty and he who survived might survive by a clear proof of His Sovereignty. Lo! Allah in truth is Hearer, Knower"[/B][/I] (Al-Anfal, 8/7, 42). [/FONT][/SIZE] [FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=4][/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=4]On the 17th of Ramadan 2 (March 13, 624), both of the armies set out for Badr in the early hours. The Prophet reached the water wells in Badr before the Quraishis. Upon the advice of Habbab ibn Arat, he left the well closest to where the enemy would arrive open while filling the other wells with sand. Prophet Muhammad allowed the idolaters to take water from the open well. Before the battle, Prophet Muhammad had sent Umar to the Quraishis and proposed that they return to Mecca without engaging in battle; however the Quraishis insisted on the battle. In accordance with ancient Arabic traditions, two men from both sides came out to the battleground to begin the war. During this challenge, which is known as the [I]Mubaraza[/I], Hamza killed his opponent, Asvad ibn Abdulasad al-Mahzumi. Upon this, Utba ibn Rabia, his brother Shayba and his son Walid from the Quraishis and Ubayda ibn Harith, Hamza and Ali from the Muslim army approached the battleground. After Hamza and Ali had killed their opponents, they went to help Ubayda who had been severely wounded and then killed Utba. Because he suffered from severe wounds, Ubayda ibn Hariht died, becoming a martyr, on the return from Badr. During the war which began after the [I]Mubaraza[/I], the Muslims were victorious on the afternoon of the same day. Seventy people were taken prisoner and seventy people from the idolaters were killed. Among the prisoners was Abu Jahil, the greatest enemy of Islam. The number of Muslims martyrs was fourteen. [/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=4][/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=4]Prophet Muhammad performed the funeral prayer of the martyrs and ordered that they be buried. He also ordered that the Quraishi casualties be buried. He commanded that the prisoners be treated well and only sentenced two of these prisoners, Ukba ibn Abu Muayt and Nadr ibn Harith, to death in return for the torture they had subjected Muslims to in the past. After this, Prophet Muhammad consulted with the Companions as to how the other prisoners were to be treated. He accepted the proposal of Abu Bakr and released the prisoners in return for a ransom, ranging from 1,000 to 1,400 dirham, according to their financial standing. Some of the prisoners who could not afford the ransom were released unconditionally while others were released on the condition that they taught ten Muslims how to read and write. The booty gained from the war was gathered together and equally distributed among those who had been involved in the battle. The Prophet returned to Medina at the end of the month Ramadan or at the beginning of the month of Shawwal. [/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=4] [/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=4]Abu'l-As ibn Rabi, the son-in-law of the Prophet was among the prisoners detained in Badr. Abu'l-As was married to Zaynab, the oldest daughter of the Prophet. He had not accepted Islam although his wife was a Muslim and yet he refused to divorce Zaynab. When he joined the idolaters and became a prisoner, the people of Mecca sent the ransom money for the prisoners and his wife Zaynab sent a certain amount of money along with the necklace given to her by her mother Khadijah as a wedding present. [/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=4][/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=4]The Prophet recognized the necklace and became very emotional; remembering Khadijah and her services to Islam, he asked for permission from his Companions to release Abu'l-As and to return the necklace back to Zaynab. After Abu'l-As was released, he returned to Mecca and in accordance with a promise he had made to Prophet Muhammad he sent his wife Zaynab to Medina. Abu'l As later became a Muslim and performed the emigration to Medina, and was reunited with his wife (Muharram 7/ May 628). [/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=4][/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=4]In the Holy Quran it is stated that the victory of Badr was achieved with the help of Allah and that during the battle the Islamic army was supported by angels (Al-Anfal 8/8-12; Al‑ Imran 3/123-127). As a result of the Battle of Badr the Islamic society earned great respect in the Arabian Peninsula and the Prophet acquired extensive opportunities to convey the message of Islam. The people of Mecca, who had lost the battle of Badr, chose Abu Sufyan as successor to Abu Jahil and they swore an oath to seek revenge from the Muslims; from this date they endeavored to find ways to achieve their goal. Abu Lahab was not involved in the battle of Badr due to illness and sent As ibn Hisham as a replacement. After hearing about the defeat in Badr, Abu Lahab's condition deteriorated and he soon died. About two and a half month after the defeat of Badr Abu Sufyan came to Medina and attacked the outer environs of the city with a force of two hundred men. After killing two Muslims, he set the fields on fire and left the city. Although Prophet Muhammad followed him with two hundred men, Abu Sufyan and his soldiers evaded them by discarding their flour bags ([I]sawik[/I]) so that they could move more rapidly. As a result, this pursuit came to be known as the Sawik Battle. [/SIZE][/FONT] [/QUOTE]
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